Nutritional Support for Lagomorph Neonates

Dietary Considerations for Orphaned Leporids

Providing appropriate nutrition to young hares or rabbits deprived of maternal care is critical for their survival. These animals have specific dietary requirements that differ significantly from those of other mammals. Supplementation should aim to replicate the composition of natural doe's milk as closely as possible to ensure proper development and health.

Composition of Doe's Milk

Rabbit milk is exceptionally rich, containing high levels of fat and protein, and relatively low levels of lactose compared to other mammals. This unique composition supports rapid growth during the short nursing period. Artificially formulated diets should prioritize these high protein and fat contents to mimic natural nourishment.

Suitable Replacements and Feeding Protocols

While specialized commercial formulas exist, they can be difficult to obtain or may not be ideally suited for all species. A commonly used alternative involves supplementing with a commercial kitten milk replacer (KMR) powder. However, KMR often requires modification to better approximate the rabbit's natural milk profile.

• Dilution and Supplementation: KMR should typically be mixed at a slightly higher concentration than directed for kittens. Adding heavy cream or goat's milk can increase the fat content. Consult with a veterinarian or experienced wildlife rehabilitator for specific dilution ratios and additive recommendations based on the age and species.
• Feeding Frequency and Volume: Neonates require frequent feedings, initially every few hours. The appropriate volume depends on the rabbit's age and weight. Overfeeding is dangerous and can lead to bloat and digestive problems. As the rabbit grows, the frequency of feedings can be reduced.
• Technique: Use a small syringe or a specialized pet nurser bottle. Avoid tilting the rabbit on its back during feeding, as this can increase the risk of aspiration. Allow the rabbit to nurse at its own pace.

Long-Term Nutritional Needs

As the young leporid matures, the diet needs to transition from milk replacement to solid food. Introducing finely chopped greens (such as romaine lettuce, parsley, and carrot tops) and high-quality grass hay should begin around 2-3 weeks of age. Fresh water should always be available.

Potential Complications and Precautions

Aspiration pneumonia, bloat, and diarrhea are common complications associated with improper feeding. Maintaining hygiene and using proper feeding techniques are crucial for preventing these issues. Regular monitoring of the rabbit's weight and overall health is essential. Consult with a qualified veterinarian or wildlife rehabilitator for guidance on addressing health concerns.